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 * Assessment for Learning versus Assessment of Learning**

Assessment for learning is defined as: “the assessments that we conduct throughout teaching and learning to diagnose student needs, plan our next steps in instruction, provide students with feedback they can use to improve their quality of work, and help students see and feel in control of their journey to success” (Stiggins, Arter, Chappuis & Chappuis, 2006, p.31) and “assessment that is designed primarily to promote learning; early drafts, first tries, and practice assignments are all examples of assessment for learning” (Cooper, 2007, p.437). These may also be referred to as formative assessment strategies. Assessment for learning is not about accountability or a grade. It is about students learning and improving.

Assessments of learning “are those assessments that happen after learning is supposed to have occurred to determine if it did” (Stiggins et al., 2006, p.31) and “assessment that is designed primarily to determine student achievement at a given point in time; report-card grades should be comprised of data from assessments of learning” (Cooper, 2007, p.437). Assessment of learning encompasses summative assessment strategies..